It is the most practiced discipline today. On most occasions it is practiced on short routes (up to 40 meters normally), but there are also long routes (including 1000m) of sport climbing, where we would be talking about equipped long routes.
In sport climbing, the belay points are previously installed from above, making artificial holes in the rock with a drill or similar. Afterwards, we climb from below following the line of fixed anchors but using them only to secure ourselves and not to progress (that is, without hanging onto them).